Latin Doctrina
The Nominative case
The nominative case is the subject form in Latin. For example, take the sentence; Discipuli sellas in mensas locant. This means "the students place their chairs on their desks." What is the subject in this sentence? It's Discipuli. The reason is that the students are doing the action of placing the chiars over their desks. This word is in the nominative case.
The Genitive case
The genitive case is the posession form in Latin. For example, take the sentence; Regia reginae magna era. In this sentence, reginae is the genitive. The sentence means, "the palace of the queen was large." If the queen is the subject, that means she owns the palace. Reginae is the genitive in this example. It shows that palace belongs to the queen.
The Dative case
The Accusative case
The dative case is the indirect object form in Latin. An indirect object is a noun or pronoun that was put into the dative case. For example, take the sentence; Dei dona viris dederunt. This means "The gods gave gifts to the men." The word "men" here is in the genitive case. The gods are the subject. They are giving the gifts, which is the direct object. And they are doing it to the men. This is the indirect object.
The accusative case is the direct object in Latin. A direct object is the thing that the action is being done to. In the sentence Discipuli sellas in mensas locant. This sentence means "the students place their chairs on the deks." The students are the subject. The action they are doing is placing their chairs. They are placing their chairs on the table. The table is the direct object.